Hand and wrist pain can make everyday tasks difficult—whether you’re typing, cooking, or just turning a doorknob. Two common culprits behind this discomfort are carpal tunnel syndrome and arthritis. While they can cause similar symptoms, they’re very different conditions that require different treatments.

At South Shore Orthopedics, our specialists are here to help you get a proper diagnosis and find lasting relief. Let’s take a closer look at how to tell the difference between carpal tunnel syndrome and arthritis.

What Is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the median nerve—which runs from your forearm into your palm—becomes compressed as it passes through the narrow carpal tunnel in your wrist. This condition is often related to repetitive hand movements, wrist position, or underlying health conditions like diabetes or thyroid disease.

Common Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome:

  • Numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger

  • Pain that wakes you up at night

  • Weak grip strength

  • A sensation like an electric shock traveling up the arm

  • Difficulty with fine motor tasks, such as buttoning a shirt or holding a phone

What Is Arthritis?

Arthritis refers to inflammation of the joints, and there are several types that can affect the hand and wrist. The two most common types are:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA): Caused by wear and tear of cartilage over time

  • Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): An autoimmune disease that attacks the joint lining

Common Symptoms of Arthritis in the Hands:

  • Joint pain, especially in the fingers, thumb, or wrist

  • Stiffness that is worse in the morning or after inactivity

  • Swelling and tenderness in the joints

  • Visible deformities or joint enlargement

  • Gradual loss of range of motion

Key Differences Between Carpal Tunnel and Arthritis

Feature Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Arthritis
Cause Nerve compression Joint inflammation
Location Wrist, base of palm Finger joints, thumb base, wrist
Symptoms Numbness, tingling, weakness Pain, stiffness, swelling
Worse at Night, repetitive use Morning or after rest
Visible Signs May look normal May show swelling or deformity
Treatment Splints, nerve release surgery Anti-inflammatory meds, joint care, possible surgery

Can You Have Both?

Yes—carpal tunnel syndrome and arthritis can occur at the same time, especially in older adults. In fact, rheumatoid arthritis is a known risk factor for developing carpal tunnel syndrome. If you’re experiencing overlapping symptoms, a specialist can determine the underlying cause—or causes—through a physical exam and diagnostic imaging.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options

How We Diagnose:

At South Shore Orthopedics, we start with a detailed medical history and physical exam. We may also recommend:

  • X-rays (to assess joint damage)

  • Nerve conduction studies (to diagnose carpal tunnel)

  • Ultrasound or MRI (to evaluate soft tissues and nerves)

Treatment Options:

  • For Carpal Tunnel Syndrome:

    • Wrist splints

    • Activity modification

    • Steroid injections

    • Carpal tunnel release surgery

  • For Arthritis:

    • Anti-inflammatory medications

    • Hand therapy

    • Joint injections

    • Surgical options such as joint fusion or replacement (for advanced cases)

When to See a Specialist

If your hand or wrist pain is persistent, worsening, or interfering with your everyday activities, don’t wait to get help. Early treatment can prevent permanent damage and improve your quality of life.

Find Expert Hand & Wrist Care on the South Shore

Whether you’re dealing with carpal tunnel syndrome, arthritis, or both, the team at South Shore Orthopedics offers expert diagnosis and treatment tailored to your needs. Our experienced hand specialists are here to help you get back to doing the things you love—without pain or limitation.


 📅 Request an appointment online to get started.